As dawn breaks over Hangji town in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, the first rays of sunlight spill onto the bustling streets, illuminating the rhythmic hum of toothbrush production lines. In a cozy Beijing hutong, a grandmother beams with delight as she unwraps her brand-new toothbrush, its bristles gleaming with promise. Thousands of miles away, guests at opulent hotels in Dubai indulge in lavish oral care routines, where even this simplest act becomes a luxurious ritual. While on the other side of the globe, in the icy expanse of Antarctica, scientists endure frigid winds, finding small comfort in their trusted toothbrushes amid the stark wilderness.

Lives that seem worlds apart are intricately connected by this small yet essential item produced in the small Chinese town of Hangji, known for its toothbrush manufacturing. Nearly one in every three toothbrushes in the world is produced here, Xinhua reported.

Hangji has become a global champion in toothbrush production, with local stories of hard work and prosperity passing down through generations. Residents here wield this small item as a tool that connects them to the world, mirroring the dedication of millions of workers over the last 75 years and embodying Chinese people's pursuit of a beautiful and healthy life.

The small town also serves as a testament to a dynamic and thriving China, where its people have marched forward in high spirits, embarking on a vibrant journey of pursuing a beautiful and flourishing life while connecting to the world.
Returning to hometown

When the Global Times reporter entered, Tu Xinye, 37-year-old manager of Shuguang Toothbrush Factory, was instructing his workers to clean the factory's marble sign. The brand, with "Shuguang" meaning "dawn," is part of a cherished legacy from his grandfather and father, symbolizing the resilience and innovative spirit of his family.

Established in 1976, it was the first toothbrush factory in the town, witnessing the evolution from manual labor to mechanization, and later, the digital transformation brought about by the internet.

Tu has been gaining the attention of netizens in 2020 when he invited his grandfather and father - former factory managers - to join him for live selling, while sharing the trials and triumphs of the family business. Viewers were captivated by the heartfelt stories of dedication and the pursuit of prosperity that have defined the Tu family's journey in the toothbrush industry.

Returning home to inherit the family business was not Tu's initial choice. He pursued a degree in aircraft engine design in the UK, driven by dreams of aviation. However, the relentless efforts of his family to innovate and sustain the toothbrush factory ignited his sense of responsibility. Having observed his father tirelessly seeking market opportunities to provide jobs for local residents, he began to realize that the toothbrush industry was not just a business. It was a lifeline for his hometown.

In 2013, Tu decided to return to China and take over the family business. He dropped out of a PhD application, and started from the ground up, working as a factory worker to understand the intricacies of production. Over the last decade, he made efforts with all employees to double the factory's output and expanded its reach to over 40 countries worldwide.

Three generations face different challenges in different historical contexts. Tu's grandfather, the first factory manager, faced the challenges of the 1970s' planned economy in China when production was fine, but sales were not. In the early 1980s, as the planned economy began to dissolve and privatization took hold, Tu's father encountered a sudden drop in orders while navigating market complexities. During his childhood, Tu often found himself in the factory, waking up to his parents discussing machine upgrades and strategies to tap into overseas markets, despite a lack of English. However, their commitments to exploration opened doors to international markets and set the factory on a successful path.

In recent years, Tu has embraced e-commerce as a new frontier for growth. In October 2019, a leading Chinese e-commerce platform approached his factory to collaborate on a budget-friendly electric toothbrush. The factory invested in research and development, ultimately launching an electric toothbrush costing only 9.9 yuan ($1.4) that sold over 30,000 units in just one day. This success highlighted a growing demand for quality dental care products, even in rural areas, he told the Global Times.

"Was it worth investing hundreds of thousands into a workshop environment that consumers could not see? My parents questioned me. But I wanted foreign visitors to see that our production standards were on par with the best in the world," he explained.
Tech drives greener future

In a small town covering just 40 square kilometers and home to fewer than 40,000 residents, an astonishing economic phenomenon is unfolding, marked by impressive figures.

What's behind it is an engine powered by technology and environmental sustainability.

In recent years, the toothbrush industry in Hangji has undergone a significant transformation, moving toward standardization and scalability. This shift has inspired a growing number of local youths to learn the craft.

Dong Tao, a recent university graduate from Yangzhou, exemplifies this trend. After leaving a large corporate job, he joined Sanfeng Brush Factory, where he started his day at 7:30 am, preparing materials and warming up machines on the production line. Dong finds fulfillment in his role, utilizing his engineering skills and applying his knowledge of WIFI modules and Bluetooth technology to develop new products. He noted that many young graduates are eager to return to their hometowns, leveraging national policies and local technological advancements to carve out new career paths.

The factory Dong works for has made attempts at innovation in a recent decade, supplying its toothbrushes to Xuelong 2, a Chinese icebreaking research vessel.

Li Yang, the factory's manager, introduced that they tried different ways to develop a toothbrush with bristles measuring just 0.1 millimeters in diameter, designed to prevent gum bleeding in extremely cold conditions. The brush handle is made from polylactic acid, which can biodegrade in as little as three months, minimizing the ecological impact of research activities in polar regions.

Driven by technological innovation, toothbrush manufacturers in Yangzhou are increasingly introducing smart toothbrush products. Tan Yuanshuai, the head of Fengyun Intelligent, a subsidiary of Sanfeng Brush Factory, showcased an AI-interactive toothbrush for children that utilizes a smart processor for real-time calculations and feedback, reminding kids to brush missed areas.

"The popularity of this toothbrush reflects the growing consciousness and emphasis of Chinese people on healthy and environmental friendly lifestyle," Tan said.

Similarly, Zhang Degang, the second-generation owner of Yangzhou Minsheng Brush Factory, highlights how the pursuit of quality and sustainability is reshaping their industry. Over the last decade, he has transformed production facilities to meet international standards, striving for a cleanroom environment akin to those used in chip manufacturing.

Zhang said that in the past, they primarily focused on contract manufacturing, but now Chinese brands are becoming increasingly innovative and popular in the world. Zhang's factory also incorporates Chinese cultural elements such as the Grand Canal and Wenchang Pavilion, into the design of the toothbrush handle, attracting overseas customers who have interest in Chinese culture.

The synergy of technology and sustainability is revitalizing local economies and inspiring a new generation of young people to pursue careers in their hometowns.
Better life through hardworking

In 2011, the China Toothbrush Museum, the only special industrial culture museum in the world named after a toothbrush, was established in Hangji. This museum houses over a thousand toothbrush specimens that span more than a thousand years.

The story of Hangji reflects a typical narrative of how Chinese people have created a better life through hard work over the last 75 years. Countless small towns in China, which have achieved remarkable success through their advantageous industries, owe their progress to a group of pioneering individuals who are able to endure hardships.

In China, 70 percent of China's violins come from Huangqiao township in Jiangsu; 80 percent of freshwater pearls are sourced from Shanxiahu township in Zhejiang Province; and 70 percent of industrial brushes are produced in Yuantan, Anhui Province. These industries have become new engines for China's economy.

In a report on the achievements of economic and social development over the last 75 years, released by the National Bureau of Statistics on September 20, it was highlighted that under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China, living standards and quality of life have seen historic improvements. As residents' incomes continue to grow, consumption levels have risen, with notable enhancements in quality and ongoing optimization of consumption structures.

Each artisan contributing to these progress writes their glory and dreams into the new journey of national rejuvenation. Today, the vibrant presence of hardworking individuals from various sectors is evident, showcasing a lively and colorful tapestry of life. These ordinary individuals, through their relentless efforts, are striving to increase their incomes and enhance their quality of life.

Tu has inherited the legacy of his family's toothbrush factory, "Dawn," along with a pursuit of excellence. His spirit of perseverance, adventurous drive, and practical determination resonate with countless young people striving to find their own "dawn" in the new global landscape.

For the global business community, including US companies, no one wants to "decouple" from China, as cooperation remains the mainstream, and mutual benefit is the goal, Wang Linjie, spokesperson from China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) told a press conference on Sunday.

Wang's remarks were in response to recent restrictive measures taken by the US against China, including raising the Section 301 tariffs on certain Chinese goods and strengthening export restrictions on technologies such as quantum computing and semiconductor manufacturing.

Wang said that the US has continuously outstretched the concept of national security, violating the principles of the market economy by politicizing and weaponizing economic, trade, and technological issues.

The WTO has already ruled that the US Section 301 tariffs violate WTO rules. The US tariff measures are typical examples of unilateralism and protectionism. These actions have disrupted the stability and smooth functioning of global supply chains, including those in the semiconductor and other technology manufacturing industries, and have seriously harmed the legitimate rights and interests of relevant countries and enterprises, Wang noted.

During the recent third meeting of the APEC Business Advisory Council for 2024, representatives from the Chinese and the US business communities emphasized the importance of keeping supply chains open, cooperative, and non-discriminatory, while ensuring supply chain policies comply with WTO rules and avoid distorting trade and investment, according to Wang.

Recently, the US-China Business Council released a survey on China's 2024 business environment, with participation from 140 member companies. 77 percent of the surveyed companies have been operating in China for over 20 years, with 40 percent reporting revenues exceeding $1 billion in China in 2023.

The survey revealed that American companies in China have stabilized their revenues over the past year, with 80 percent of respondents achieving profitability. These companies plan to reinvest profits generated in China this year, indicating a continued commitment to the Chinese market. The general consensus among the surveyed US businesses is that the Chinese market is a crucial component of their global strategy, according to Wang.

"This reflects that for the global business community, including American companies, no one wants to 'decouple' from China, as cooperation remains the mainstream, and mutual benefit is the goal," Wang noted.

Chinese President Xi Jinping has encouraged industrial workers to further contribute wisdom and strength to building a country that is strong in manufacturing and promoting the full revitalization of northeast China.

Xi, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, made the remarks in a reply letter to representatives of workers from China First Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., a leading equipment manufacturer headquartered in Qiqihar City, northeast China's Heilongjiang Province.

A year-long global commemoration of Liu Hui, a prominent figure in ancient Chinese mathematics, kicked off in Paris on Tuesday.

Co-hosted by the China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), and the Chinese National Commission for UNESCO (The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization), the commemoration celebrates Liu, whose works and theories not only had a profound impact on ancient Chinese mathematics, but also continue to provide a source of inspiration for scientific and technological progress and civilization exchanges in today’s world.

In November 2023, UNESCO held the 42nd session of the General Conference and approved the proposal made by the CAST to celebrate the 1,800th anniversary of Liu’s birth. It was the first time China had successfully applied for a birthday anniversary event for a scientist at UNESCO, said the CAST.

“We hope that through such events, we can showcase to a global audience the remarkable scientific achievements, exceptional ideas, and significant contributions to human civilization made by ancient Chinese scholars like Liu Hui,” said He Junke, executive president of the CAST, in a speech he delivered at the launch ceremony of the commemoration on Tuesday local time, at the headquarters of UNESCO in Paris.

Following the launch ceremony, an international symposium on Liu’s academic thought was also held at the headquarters of UNESCO on Tuesday afternoon, where global experts in the history of science and technology, and the history of mathematics, made multi-dimensional interpretations and held discussions on Liu’s academic contributions and scientific heritage, as well as their modern value.

Furthermore, they delved into the global dissemination of Liu’s mathematical ideas, and proposed suggestions to further promote China’s classical mathematical heritage.

Earlier, as another highlight of this series of commemorative events, a themed exhibition featuring Liu’s achievements in mathematics kicked off at the Réfectoire des Cordeliers in Paris on Monday, so as to showcase Liu’s mathematical achievement, and to deepen the civilization exchanges and mutual understanding between China and the world, read the exhibition’s foreword.

Zhou Xiaohan, an associate research fellow at the Institute for History of Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), believes that the exhibition is an opportunity to show Liu’s important contributions, as well as the efforts made by Chinese and foreign scholars to study ancient scientific thought in China and their in-depth cooperation over the last century.

“Liu’s achievements are not only a treasure to China, but also a great legacy of human thought for the world,” he told the Global Times.

“I wish there were exhibitions and presentations [in commemoration of Liu] in more major cities around the world,” said Jeff Chen, a professor of mathematics at US St. Cloud State University who attended the commemoration on Tuesday.

“With the backing of UNESCO, such occasions will encourage more international interest in his works and attract students into the field of the history of mathematics in China. It will promote dialogue, discussions, and cultural exchanges between China and the rest of the world,” Chen told the Global Times.

One of the themes of our time is exchange and mutual learning among different civilizations, said Zou Dahai, a research fellow at the Institute for History of Natural Sciences, CAS, in a speech he delivered at the launch ceremony.

“Indeed, our commemoration of Liu Hui today, as well as the academic achievements supporting these activities are exactly the product of civilizational exchanges and mutual learning,” he said.
The commemoration event in honor of Liu further conveys China’s outstanding scientific achievements and scientific culture to the international community, which showcases both the characteristics and the universality of Chinese mathematics, Zou told the Global Times on Monday, ahead of the ceremony.

“This is a model case showing the diversity and accommodation of Eastern and Western cultures,” Zou said.

"Go, Paris Olympics!" Recently, in the training room of the French martial arts club "Oriental Martial Arts School," Fang Xiaofen, coach of the French national martial arts team, and her French students recorded a video together, cheering in Chinese to show their support for Chinese and French Olympic athletes.

"These students are happy to express their goodwill toward China in this way. Many of them are true 'China enthusiasts,'" Fang said with a smile.

Having taught martial arts in France for over 30 years, Fang has always used martial arts as a window for the French to understand China.

From participating in martial arts competitions to coaching the French national martial arts team, serving as an international martial arts referee, running her own martial arts clubs, and nurturing her daughter to carry on the martial arts tradition, Fang's journey in martial arts has been a process of building cultural bridges.

She said she has seen many French people fall in love with Chinese culture through practicing martial arts, so she hopes to continue helping more young French people understand and love martial arts.

A brilliant resume

Winning two gold medals in fist fighting and sword fighting techniques at the French Martial Arts Open, securing five consecutive championships at the French Martial Arts Championships, and taking home two gold medals for Yang and Chen-style tai chi at the Singapore International Martial Arts Competition, Fang has a brilliant resume shining with a collection of medals from various competitions.

Fang, born in Wenzhou, East China's Zhejiang Province, started practicing martial arts with her father at the age of 6. She pursued professional training at the Wenzhou Sports School before immigrating to France with her parents at the age of 20, but she never gave up on her passion for martial arts. After arriving in France, she immediately embarked on her martial arts journey.

"When I first arrived in France in 1988, wushu [martial arts] was still an unfamiliar term for many local French people. Some knew 'Chinese kung fu,' but they didn't understand the specifics of Chinese martial arts. In addition to practicing at local sports clubs, I also participated in various French martial arts competitions. My French wasn't very good at the time, but I wasn't afraid of losing - I saw it as an opportunity to prove my skills," Fang recalled. "I believed that only by achieving results in competitions could the French truly see the level of Chinese martial arts and appreciate its charm."

As she continued to compete, Fang gained a certain reputation in the French martial arts community. Her outstanding achievements also caught the attention of the French Ministry of Sports. In 2011, Fang was appointed coach of the French international martial arts team. During her tenure, the French team won four championships in events like broadsword and tai chi at the 2012 European Martial Arts Championships, raising the team's ranking to the top three in Europe. In the same year, the French team won the spear event at the World Junior Martial Arts Championships in Macao, China, marking France's first world championship in martial arts. In 2013, Fang was officially appointed as the head coach of the French national martial arts team.

When discussing her coaching achievements, Fang often focused more on the dedication and passion of French martial arts enthusiasts.

"Unlike practicing martial arts in China, the venues, facilities, and training conditions in France are relatively simple. But the local martial arts enthusiasts are highly motivated and train hard. As professional coaches, we help them maximize their physical strengths, design innovative moves, and develop their own style and competitive edge," said Fang.
Building bridge

Now 56, Fang not only coaches the French national martial arts team, but also serves as an international referee for the International Wushu Federation. She also runs several martial arts clubs with more than 200 students. In addition to her sports-related work, Fang is passionate about promoting martial arts to the French public through performances, exchanges, and free training programs at French schools.

"I've taught thousands of students at my martial arts clubs, including people of all ages and backgrounds, and most of them are French. They work in different jobs during the week, but on weekends, they gather at the martial arts clubs. Some even bring their whole families," Fang said. Her clubs offer various types of martial arts training, including long fist, southern fist, tai chi, swordsmanship, broadsword, spear, staff, baguazhang (the eight-diagram palm), yingzhaoquan (Eagle Claw boxing), and tanglangquan (Praying Mantis boxing), providing diverse options for French students.

Fang is often moved by the passion of the French students for martial arts. Some parents drive an hour each way just to bring their children to a one-hour practice session, and they never miss a week. Some martial arts enthusiasts have inspired their spouses, children, and even grandchildren to start martial arts, turning club practices into family activities. Some children have even learned many Chinese martial arts terms and fallen in love with the Chinese language. One elderly student developed a deep love for Chinese culture through tai chi and eventually became a tea ceremony master. In Fang's clubs, martial arts have become a bridge connecting French students to Chinese culture, and more and more French students are filled with admiration and goodwill toward China.

In 2018, Fang organized a group of her club students to visit her hometown for a martial arts exchange at the Wenzhou Sports School. Among the 10 participants were engineers, teachers, and doctors - all martial arts enthusiasts who fell in love with Chinese martial arts traditions, local delicacies like wonton and rice cakes, and explored the Wenzhou Museum. They even went shopping for traditional Chinese crafts to bring back to France as gifts for their friends.

"After returning to France, they enthusiastically introduced China to their friends, sharing stories about China's development, the friendliness of the Chinese people, and the richness of Chinese cuisine. They kept these fond memories of the trip in China and couldn't help but share them with others," Fang said. "One student told me that the trip was the best experience of his life. Hearing such high praise, I felt very touched."

Passing on tradition

Recently, at the College of Physical Education and Health of Wenzhou University, Fang, accompanied by her 17-year-old daughter, martial arts enthusiast Fang Lefang, engaged in a lively martial arts exchange with the university's martial arts team. Together, they practiced tai chi, southern fist, and Shaolin fist. As a professional martial arts coach and referee, Fang praised the students' dedication and politeness, which she said are integral to the spirit of Chinese martial arts.

"Martial arts keep people energetic and help them become more confident and courageous. These are the valuable qualities I hope my daughter can acquire through martial arts practice," said Fang.

Born in 2007, Fang Lefang grew up immersed in martial arts under her mother's guidance. Over the past two years, she has made her mark in various international martial arts competitions, winning one silver and two bronze medals at the World Traditional Kung Fu Championships and one gold and one silver at the European Traditional Wushu Championships. She also claimed the gold medal at a French youth tai chi competition. Fang believes her daughter's connection with martial arts developed naturally.

"Lefang has always lived in France, and my husband is French, but I've always hoped she wouldn't forget the 'Chinese cultural gene' inside her," Fang said. She has taught her daughter Chinese from a young age, guided her in learning Chinese martial arts, sent her on "root-seeking" trips to China, and arranged for her to study and train in martial arts in Wenzhou for a full year. Fang hopes that her daughter will carry forward the cultural roots of the Chinese nation.

Now a member of the French Association of Second-Generation Chinese Entrepreneurs, Fang Lefang will participate in the upcoming World Tai Chi Championships in Singapore. "Through competing in martial arts around the world, she has become more independent and confident. No matter how far her martial arts journey takes her, I believe this experience will be a lifelong spiritual asset for her," Fang said. "Perhaps one day, my daughter, my club students and I will all appear together in the arena. Martial arts keep me feeling young and passionate. I look forward to participating in competitions with my students even when I'm 60 years old."

If you asked people about artificial intelligence (AI) 10 years ago, most wouldn't have understood its meaning. Today, however, AI has been gradually integrated into all aspects of daily life in China, such as travel, retail, medical, entertainment, logistics and other services sectors.

Analysts have noted that the acceleration of digitalization and expanded intelligence applications in the services industry have become a new trend, driven largely by advancements in AI technologies.

Industry insiders that a more extensive and faster digital transformation of the services industry is essential to ensure broader benefits for the public. In the future, thousands of industries are expected to be empowered by AI, and originally expensive services will also go to the public and serve daily life.

In fact, several AI-powered service examples were showcased at the just-concluded 2024 China International Fair for Trade in Services (CIFTIS) in Beijing.

Deep integration

For example, AI has already assisted many people in job seeking in China. At the 2024 CIFTIS, Alipay unveiled an AI-powered public employment robot named Xiaogu, designed to support the intelligent transformation of employment services.

According to existing regional data, the matching rate of people and job posts has been increased by at least 10 times, the Global Times learned from Alipay.

While AI-powered services like this may go unnoticed by many, the application of AI technologies in sectors such as tourism and gaming is more visible.

The integration of AI with scenic spots is creating a new and enhanced travel experience.

For example, in the scenic area of Mount Huangshan in East China's Anhui Province, an AI escort service has been implemented, and it was showcased at the 2024 CIFTIS.

An AI-powered application can recommend services throughout the entire journey, such as tour guides, taxi bookings, and food options, based on tourists' spatial positioning, the Global Times has learned.

"AI technologies can empower digital creative content production, and the digital content can be combined with the natural scenes within the scenic spots using augmented reality (AR) technology carriers, such as AR glasses," Chen Xi, a vice president of Rokid, a Hangzhou-based AR tech startup, told the Global Times on Friday.

AR is a technology that enhances or provides additional information about what people see in physical reality through digital images, sounds, and text. AI enhances AR by enabling it to recognize and augment the real world more effectively.

"In addition to immersive travel experience realized through AR technology, we also created some treasures hunting games with the help of AR technology in the context of local culture to help people, especially the kids enjoy the travel," Chen said, noting that such applications will also largely improve travel experiences at night.

AI technologies have also been applied in museums. Many global tourists visit exhibition halls using AR technologies in Chinese museums, enhancing the quality of their travel experience, as AI helps remove some barriers such as in language, Tian Feng, dean of SenseTime's Intelligence Industry Research Institute, told the Global Times on Friday.

Chen said that Rokid uses AI to do recognition of exhibits, and then uses AR technology to make the text explanation of the museum visual in about 200 museums in China.

OUTPUT, a Shanghai-based new digital content operation platform, has created digital content and scenario-based experience works in conjunction with Beijing's Palace Museum and Shanghai's Yuyuan Garden.

"We have helped showcase the treasures of the Palace Museum digitally in Singapore and participated in the Yuyuan Garden Lantern Festival in Paris and Shanghai to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France," Liu Yinmeng, founder and CEO of OUTPUT, told the Global Times.

Further development

"The development of AI technologies will bring great change and opportunity to many industries, such as tourism, sport and gaming," Tian said.

"AI Plus" was mentioned in the Government Work Report for the first time in 2024, saying that China will launch an AI Plus initiative, and build digital industry clusters with international competitiveness and will also promote the digitalization of the service sector.

"AI Plus" will serve as a key driving force, deeply integrating with industries such as healthcare, education, and cultural tourism, and promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, Wang Peng, an associate research fellow at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, told the Global Times on Sunday.

In 2023, China unveiled a plan for the overall layout of the country's digital development, which included support for the in-depth integration of digital technology and the real economy and the application of digital technology in the agriculture, manufacturing, finance, education, medical services, transportation and energy sectors.

China has experienced rapid development in the creative industry, also known as the orange industry, industry observers said on Friday at the Orange Industry and Sustainable Investment Forum, a sub-forum of the 2024 CIFTIS.

The UN defines the creative economy as cycles of creating, producing, and distributing goods and services that use creativity and intellectual capital as primary inputs.

According to UNCTAD, in 2020, China was by far the largest exporter of creative goods, at a reported value of $169 billion. As the service sector has gained prominence in the creative industries, China's creative service exports have grown from $59 billion in 2020 to $67 billion in 2022.

With the rapid advancement of key technologies such as AI, big data, cloud computing, and 5G communication in the country, China's orange industry is benefiting from strong technical support and is gradually moving toward a leading position globally, Liu said.

"In the coming years, China's orange industry is expected to see significant growth. Technological innovation, market demand and policy support will promote the orange industry to become an important force in China's economic diversification," Liu noted.

Analysts have noted that the orange industry exemplifies creativity and innovation, aligning closely with China's pursuit of an innovation-driven development strategy and the cultivation of high-quality new productive forces.

Editor's Note:

Friendly exchanges between China and Africa have enjoyed a long history and have deepened in recent years, covering various fields such as politics, the economy, and culture. The Global Times is launching a China-Africa Rhapsody series, aiming to showcase the profound human connections and development visions between the two peoples by sharing the true stories of Chinese people in Africa and African people in China. From touching stories of China-Africa cooperation and exciting collisions of youthful ideas, to debunking fallacies concocted by some Western sources about the China-Africa collaboration, this series hopes to promote closer cooperation and deeper understanding between the peoples of China and Africa.

In this installment, we turn our attention to Chinese agricultural experts who have been actively collaborating with African countries to improve local rice cultivation techniques, significantly boosting agricultural productivity. This cross-continental partnership exemplifies a commitment to global food security and highlights the importance of international cooperation in fighting against hunger and achieving sustainable agricultural development.

Around 733 million people - meaning one in 11 people worldwide - had to go to bed hungry in 2023, with a significant number from Africa where one in five individuals face this plight, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations' latest figures.

In the face of this persistent challenge, the cycle of hunger and poverty continues to deepen, exacerbating the issue. To combat chronic hunger in Africa, Chinese professor Xu Jianlong at the Crop Science Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has embarked on a mission to fight against hunger by empowering smallholder farmers and households to boost their agricultural production.

Since 2008, Xu, together with a group of Chinese researchers, has managed to use genetic molecular research to breed Green Super Rice (GSC) that can be grown in the resource-poor regions of Africa, with support from the Chinese government and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

When it comes to solving the difficult problem of hunger and alleviating poverty, China is undoubtedly a good forerunner. The country announced in 2021 that extreme poverty had been eradicated and it has lifted nearly 800 million people out of poverty over the last four decades. Agricultural development was used as an effective way to lift people out of poverty. Therefore, China has valuable lessons to share.

According to Xu, they have been busy breeding different GSR varieties to adapt to different ecological environments. In Africa, for example, the GSR varieties need to be more resilient to drought and high temperatures.

"It's important to teach them 'how to breed rice' instead of just 'giving them rice,'" Xu told the Global Times.

One step further
Over the last decade, Xu and his colleagues have successfully developed 236 excellent rice varieties, with nearly 6,000 imported materials being tested and screened in different countries in Africa and Asia. Ninety-six GSR varieties have been approved or registered, with a promotion area of 6.12 million hectares, helping farmers increase their income by $1.4 billion, Xu introduced.

During his work in Africa, he noticed that farmers living in remote and scattered areas have difficulties accessing good quality seeds, which greatly influenced their rice yields.

"People often say that a single seed can change the world. We believe that it is more important to get these seeds into the hands of smallholder farmers, plant them in the soil, and only then can there be subsequent harvests and celebrations," he said.

It is for this reason that Xu is collaborating with the Gates Foundation to jointly decide on the next step forward after developing GSR. In September 2021, they launched a program to promote the construction of the rice seed industry system in West African countries through a dual-track approach, from upstream breeding and seed production to downstream seed promotion and marketing, forming a complete chain. They first piloted the scheme in West African countries and established rice demonstration areas in Nigeria and Mali.

To appeal to local farmers, they first rented large demonstration farmlands to plant the developed GSR and the most widely planted local varieties side by side. When the rice matured, they invited nearby small-scale farmers to witness the harvest of both types of rice. They weighed the results on the spot, showing that the hybrid rice varieties could increase yields by more than 50 percent.

"The farmers were amazed. Furthermore, we distributed seeds for free on-site, giving two pounds to each invited farmer, encouraging them to plant the seeds," Xu said.

For West African farmers, their primary concern is yields, so Xu's team brought high-yielding and stress-resistant rice varieties for local cultivation. But after actual inspections, they found that farmers also had their own preferences for rice taste, preferring long-grain aromatic rice. Therefore, they introduced hybrid rice varieties that are high-yielding, long-grain, and aromatic, which the farmers liked and more easily accepted.

However, the road has not been that smooth. In the GSR breeding project, they initially imported developed varieties from China to countries like Nigeria for testing, hoping to find seeds suitable for local cultivation in Africa. But African soil and climatic conditions are very different from China's, and out of 100 varieties they brought over for testing, only a few - one to two varieties - succeeded.

Besides, Xu noted that even the same rice variety, for example, may produce different results in experimental fields and farmers' fields due to differences in water and fertilizer conditions. Because smallholder farmers find it difficult to plant rice in the same way as in the experimental controls, optimally controlling all the water and fertilizer conditions and using the most suitable pesticides. Therefore, even if a variety can increase yields by up to 50 percent in experimental fields, it may only increase yields by 20 percent in farmers' hands, a difference that must be considered.

"It is important to start from reality. Like breeding work, projects must consider local temperature and light conditions and work in real environments," he said.

"We must always consider the actual situation in farmers' fields and their actual needs, which places more specific requirements on our breeding work," Xu told the Global Times.

Lesson to share

Over the last 40 years, China has made significant progress in agricultural development, which has not only ensured China's food security but also laid a strong foundation for the sustainable development of Chinese agriculture. This path of agricultural development that benefits smallholder farmers has great significance for Africa, where smallholder farmers are also the mainstay.

Xu told the Global Times that after finding the most appropriate seeds, it is more important to help locals master breeding and planting methods.

To do this, they worked closely with local technical experts to pass on breeding knowledge, hybrid rice seed production, and high-yield cultivation techniques, allowing them to achieve self-breeding and food self-sufficiency. They also went into the fields to observe how farmers planted rice and helped them find specific skills on how to water, fertilize, and spray pesticides during different rice growth seasons.

"Only by giving people the ability to sustain themselves can sustainable development be achieved," Xu said.

In addition to rice planting, China and Africa have established extensive cooperation in the agricultural sector under multiple mechanisms including the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).

In an interview with the Xinhua News Agency, Felix Dapare Dakora, former president of the African Academy of Sciences, noted, "Learning from China is the right path." He hailed China's great achievements in solving food shortages through technological innovation and China's efforts to help Africa strengthen food security.

Recently, experts from the China Agricultural University participated in an international agricultural expo in Tanzania. The red slogans in both Chinese and English reading "Harvesting Festival for Small Technology Big Harvest" at the scene.

Li Xiaoyun, a professor at the China Agricultural University, told The Beijing News that they arrived in Tanzania 10 years ago and found that the local corn yield was very low. Traditional Chinese corn planting techniques could help local farmers increase their production rapidly without incurring higher investment costs.

Initially, they promoted the technology in one local village and now the program has been expanded to 10 villages, helping to increase local farmers' corn yield two- to five-fold. They also assisted local families in trying corn and soybean intercropping, producing soybeans, and making soy milk and other soy products by themselves, to solve the problem of nutritional deficiencies in the local area, read the report.

Meanwhile, the training of African experts is ongoing. According to the China Agricultural University website, the "China-Africa Science and Technology Backyard" is a China-Africa agricultural education project launched in 2019, implemented by the China Agricultural University, which recruits agricultural students from Africa to study in China.

It uses China's agricultural experience to help Africa cultivate high-quality agricultural talents and promote the development of African agriculture. The project has experimental bases in Quzhou County, Hebei Province, and Malawi. Over the last six years, the project has recruited 91 agricultural talents from 12 countries in Africa. These students have also become builders and witnesses of the deepening cooperation between China and Africa. The feedback from farmers showed that they have benefited a lot from the training, which greatly increased their production yields, according to the university.

Xu's lab also provided advanced training regarding GSR breeding techniques to about 942 scientists and technicians from 15 countries and this training program continues to expand.

"The use of Chinese technology to ensure food security in developing countries is of great importance to BRI construction and the building of a global community of shared future," Xu said, eyeing the promotion of techniques to help African farmers in more countries in the future.

China's Ministry of Finance (MOF) and the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) on Friday announced "maximum" penalties on global auditing firm PwC over its failure to perform due diligence in its audit of Evergrande's annual reports and bond issuances, including a total fine of 441 million yuan ($62.16 million) and a six-month business suspension on PwC's auditing unit.
Chinese experts said the move reflects the country's firm determination to enhance regulatory supervision to ensure market fairness and stability, and such an individual case will not affect China's continuous efforts in opening up to foreign businesses that abide by Chinese laws and regulations. 

In a statement, the CSRC said that an investigation found that PwC failed to perform due diligence in its audit of Evergrande's annual reports and bond issuances in 2019 and 2020, violated multiple auditing standards, and failed in many audit procedures. 

Specifically, the CSRC said audit working papers were distorted, and 88 percent of real estate project observation records were inconsistent with the actual implementation. On-site visit procedures also did not fulfill their purpose, as most of the real estate projects that were considered to have met delivery conditions during the visits were actually not completed or delivered, and some were just "pieces of vacant land."

PwC's behaviors are not just a simple audit dereliction and failure. It has, to a certain extent, covered up and even condoned Evergrande's financial falsification and fraudulent issuance of corporate bonds. It seriously eroded the foundation of law and integrity, seriously damaged the legitimate rights and interests of investors, seriously undermined market confidence, and should be severely punished in accordance with the law, the CSRC said. 

The CSRC imposed a "maximum fine" of 297 million yuan and confiscated a total of 27.74 million yuan in PwC's financial gains from the related business. 

In a separate announcement, the MOF also said that an investigation found that PwC knew misstatements in Evergrande's financial reports but failed to identified them, issued inappropriate audit opinions and false audit reports between 2018 and 2020. The ministry imposed a fine of 116 million yuan and suspended PwC's operations in China for six months. 

The MOF and the CSRC vowed to enhance regulatory supervision and ramp up crackdown on illegal activities to ensure stable market operations. 

Strengthened regulatory supervision is conducive to maintaining fairness, ensuring market order and promoting high-quality development, Cao Heping, an economist at Peking University, told the Global Times on Friday, adding that relevant efforts will also further improve the environment for businesses, including foreign companies. 

China's business environment for multinational companies is becoming increasingly optimized, which will help attract more foreign investment and promote sustainable economic development and provide a more standardized and secure environment for multinational companies to expand their businesses in China, Cao said.  

China has been continuously opening up its market for global businesses, and the Chinese market welcomes foreign businesses as long as they abide by Chinese laws and regulations, experts said.

The case against PwC will serve as an example that China regulates market entities in accordance to the law and aims to build a fair and just business environment for all types of businesses, Dong Shaopeng, a senior research fellow with the Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at the Renmin University of China, told the Global Times on Friday. 

Meanwhile, foreign businesses continue to flock to the Chinese market. In the first seven months of 2023, nearly 32,000 new foreign-invested enterprises were established in China, an increase of 11.4 percent year-on-year, according to official data.   

The Paris 2024 Olympics has embraced contemporary trends by featuring a growing number of niche and emerging sports, thus infusing the Games with youthful energy. As the Paris Olympics comes to a close, the popularity of outdoor sports such as BMX, mountaineering, bouldering, and kayaking continues to rise.
According to data from Meituan, a tech-driven retail company in China, the overall search volume for "outdoor sports" has surged nearly threefold compared to last year. Since July, searches for "bouldering" have increased by 62 percent, and group-buying orders have risen by 104 percent, with consumers aged 20 to 35 becoming the primary drivers of this growth.

Yang Gen, a government official from Chongqing's Development and Reform Commission, told the Global Times that this enthusiasm is reflected in consumer spending and the development of the entire sports industrial chain.

The National Development and Reform Commission and other departments in China recently issued measures to "create new consumption scenarios and cultivate new growth points." These measures include advancing the construction of sports parks and community fitness centers, developing high-quality outdoor sports destinations, and guiding and expanding sports leisure consumption.

Blending elements

New and engaging activities with low entry barriers and strong social elements are attracting many young people.

Data from DianPing, a platform focusing on consumer lifestyles in China, reveals that this summer, at least 400 million instances of participation in outdoor sports have been recorded in China, showing a notable trend toward broader participation and lightweight activities.

At the Paris Olympics, Chinese freestyle BMX rider Deng Yawen won the gold medal in her sport's debut. This victory has generated significant interest among the younger generation in BMX, a sport known for its visual appeal and fashion elements.

A customer service representative from a BMX club in South China's Guangdong recently shared that their summer enrollment has been excellent, with courses filling up within two weeks of opening. The club is expanding their biking park with new tracks.

"Outdoor sports blend various elements of sports, leisure, entertainment, ecology, and culture, effectively meeting the diverse needs for slow living, experiential, and personalized activities," Yang noted.

The new measures also include encouraging the organization of rural sports with agricultural themes and promoting activities such as "sports events in scenic areas, street districts, and business circles," "event-oriented travel," and "vibrant outdoor sports" to boost consumption.

"In response to national calls, we continue to offer international marathon events to provide diverse and personalized experiences. This marathon will be one of many upcoming outdoor projects aimed at bringing health and joy to the public," Zhi Luxun, General Manager of China International Trade Center, the initiator of Beijing International Marathon events, told the Global Times.

Surfing's inclusion in the Tokyo 2020 Olympics and its continued presence in Paris 2024 highlight the Olympics' support for emerging sports, significantly boosting surfing's global visibility and interest.

In many coastal cities, tourists have embraced new marine activities, grabbing surfboards and hitting the waves, transitioning from merely "watching the sea" to "playing in the sea" and enjoying the unique charm of this sport.

"The leisure and social attributes of outdoor sports greatly enhance their popularity. From the data, outdoor sports will exhibit trends of diversification and personalization in the coming years," Yang said.
Supporting facilities

Camping is a major highlight in outdoor sports. Some regions are enhancing camping base facilities and offering a variety of outdoor sports activities, including mountaineering, hiking, racing, and equestrian sports around the campsites, to improve the consumer experience.

According to Meituan and DianPing, the transaction volume for leisure camping-related categories on their platforms has increased nearly threefold, with keywords like "camping base" and "outdoor camping barbecue" becoming popular.

In the Tengger Desert of Northwest China's Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, thousands of tents are scattered across the sand, within well-planned and fully equipped desert campsites. These sites offer various activities such as desert off-roading and sandboarding, and young people can relax and enjoy stargazing with friends after their adventures.

"When engaging in outdoor activities, it is better to avoid exercising during the hottest hours of the day, as UV rays are particularly strong at this time and can cause skin burns and even retinal damage," Luo Chaofan, a rehabilitation therapist at the National Health Commission told the Global Times.

Luo reminded that due to high summer temperatures, outdoor exercise causes the body to lose water very fast, thus it is usually recommended to replenish electrolytes and sugar with some sports drinks before and during exercise. "Sudden and extreme weather is prone to occur in these months. When you are outdoors, once the weather changes suddenly, you should stay away from ravines and steep slopes as soon as possible and go to open areas to prevent uncontrollable risks such as thunder, landslides, and falling rocks," Luo added.

Once a niche pursuit, marathons now have a vast and enthusiastic following, uniting amateur and elite athletes in a celebration of endurance and community. In 2024, the Chinese marathon scene has been making headlines with record-breaking performances and a growing wave of participation. From the energetic streets of the nation's capital city Beijing to the scenic canals of Changzhou in East China's Jiangsu Province, these races are positioning China as a burgeoning hub for one of the world's most challenging yet fulfilling sports.

This year, He Jie completed the Wuxi Marathon with a time of 2 hours, 6 minutes, and 57 seconds, setting a new national record. Wu Xiangdong achieved a time of 2 hours, 12 minutes, and 34 seconds in the Paris Olympic marathon, marking the best performance by a Chinese male athlete in an Olympic marathon. 

In recent years, mass sports in China have developed rapidly, with fitness for all becoming a national strategy. Policies such as the "Healthy China 2030" blueprint have been introduced. As one of many popular fitness activities, marathons have garnered widespread enthusiasm from the public.

According to the 2023 Blue Book of China Road Running Events released by the Chinese Athletics Association on March 22, a total of 699 road running events were held nationwide in 2023, with over 6 million participants. Over 2.5 million people nationwide have now completed either a half or full marathon. 

Unlike many other sports, marathons hosted in different cities across China offer a unique experience where amateurs and professionals can compete side by side. The growing popularity of marathons provides exciting new opportunities for Chinese athletes and cities alike. Marathons breathe new life into cities by promoting tourism and boosting local economies. 

These events have become powerful tools for city branding and promotion, often integrating local landmarks and culture into their routes. For example, in a marathon held this year in Changzhou, the course incorporated ancient and modern attractions, as well as the history and culture of the Grand Canal. In addition to city marathons, some Chinese cities are actively bidding to host international marathon events. 

The future of Chinese marathons lies in fostering inclusivity, maintaining high standards for public events, and continuing to integrate the sport with the unique character of each city. 

With this momentum, China is poised to become a rising star in the marathon world, inspiring millions to lace up their shoes and run toward a healthier, more active future.